What are the treatments for type 2 diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes treatment:

What are the treatments for type 2 diabetes?

1.Oral hypoglycemic agent

•  biguanides (such as metformin) These drugs have the ability to reduce the liver's glucose output and help muscle cells, fat cells and liver absorb more glucose from the blood, thus lowering blood sugar levels.
• Sulfonylureas (such as glimepiride, glibenclamide, gliclazide, and gliclazone) The main role of these oral hypoglycemic agents is to stimulate islets to release more insulin.
• Thiazolidinediones (such as rosiglitazone and pioglitazone) These drugs can enhance insulin sensitivity and help muscle cells, fat cells and liver absorb more glucose in the blood. However, rosiglitazone may increase the risk of heart disease.
• Benzoic acid derivatives (such as repaglinide and nateglinide) The mechanism of action of these drugs is similar to that of sulfonylureas, mainly to stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin to lower blood sugar.
• α-glucosidase inhibitors (such as acarbose and voglibose) These hypoglycemic agents can inhibit the absorption of sugar by the human digestive tract, the main role is to reduce postprandial blood glucose.

What items do you need to check for type 2 diabetes? What is the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes?

An examination
Type 2 diabetes is caused by the inability of insulin to function effectively (less binding to the receptor). Therefore, it is necessary to check not only the fasting blood glucose, but also the blood sugar 2 hours after the meal, especially the islet function test.

What items do you need to check for type 2 diabetes? What is the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes?

The specific values ​​are as follows: normal human fasting blood glucose: 3.9 to 6.1 mmol/L, and blood glucose is 7.8 mmol/L or less after 2 hours. For example, fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol / liter, blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol / liter 2 hours after a meal, can diagnose diabetes. For example, fasting blood glucose is 6.1 ~ 7.0 mmol / liter, blood sugar between 7.8 ~ 11.1 mmol / liter 2 hours after meal is impaired in glucose regulation, which is the manifestation of early diabetes. The urine sugar test is for reference only and cannot diagnose the basis of diabetes and medication.
Islet function test: The tester observed changes in blood sugar, insulin and C-peptide after oral administration of 75 g of glucose water 300 ml.

What is type 2 diabetes? What is the clinical manifestation of type 2 diabetes?

The original name of type 2 diabetes is adult-onset diabetes, which occurs after 35 to 40 years old, accounting for more than 90% of diabetic patients.

What is type 2 diabetes? What is the clinical manifestation of type 2 diabetes?

In patients with type 2 diabetes, the ability to produce insulin is not completely lost. In some patients, insulin is even excessive, but the effect of insulin is poor. Therefore, insulin in patients is relatively lacking and can be stimulated by certain oral drugs. Insulin secretion. But in the later period there are still some patients who need insulin therapy.

Clinical manifestation
Some patients with type 2 diabetes are mainly insulin resistant, patients are obese, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity is decreased, blood insulin is increased to compensate for insulin resistance, but insulin secretion is still relatively insufficient compared with patients with high blood sugar. The early symptoms of these patients are not obvious, only mild fatigue, thirst, and large blood vessel and microvascular complications often occur before the diagnosis is made. Dietary therapy and oral hypoglycemic agents are more effective. Another part of the patients is mainly caused by insulin secretion defects, and clinically need to supplement exogenous insulin.