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| Doctors remind: Diabetic people do not want to amputate their feet, we must keep in mind 4 "iron law"! |
Sugar foot treatment depends on the condition of the lesion
1. The treatment of ulcers
According to the 6 grades of diabetic foot injury, if it is a grade 0 wound, the risk of ulceration in the foot can be treated with modified shoes, mold inner cushion or deepened shoes, and patient education, regular follow-up. Once skin cracking occurs, active intervention must be made to prevent further damage from developing. Ways to alleviate external stress on a grade 1 wound include wearing a post-shoe, using an ankle brace, wearing a prefabricated walking brace, or using a full-contact gypsum. In addition to proper decompression and compression sites, proper ulcer wound care is required to avoid tissue dehydration cell necrosis and accelerate wound healing.
Surgical indications are wounds with a partial pressure improvement failure or a higher rating. Grade 2 and 3 wounds require surgical intervention, grade 3 wounds require antibiotics and may require amputation. Compared with other parts of the body, hind foot ulcers are difficult to decompress due to local tissue and blood supply is also poor, so surgery intervention is needed. Surgical methods include debridement of the ulcer, resection of the bone, and correction of the ankle and ankle deformity. Correcting the claw toe or hammer toe can reduce the incidence or recurrence rate of the dorsal foot ulcer. In addition, achilles tendon extension can also be considered to reduce the pressure on the forefoot or midfoot.
2. Treatment of infection
Wounds that are severely infected or have abscesses should be actively debrided until active bleeding tissue is reached; debridement should not be limited to superficial skin tissue. Find a balance between maintaining stability and removing lesions. Longitudinal straight incisions should be taken during drainage of abscesses to increase flexibility and facilitate healing. Areas with osteomyelitis should be extensively debrided as much as possible, taking into account the balance between the stability of the foot and the removal of the lesion.
In addition to surgical treatment, severely infected wounds usually require hospitalization for intravenous antibiotic treatment. The timing of treatment and the choice of antibiotics are based on bacterial culture results, the extent of infection, and the clinical response to treatment. In addition, consider infecting a doctor.
How should diabetic foot care?
1. Psychological care
Due to the long course of the disease, difficult to cure, many complications, and high support rate, it is easy for the patient to have anxiety, depression and other emotions, lack of confidence in the disease, or do not pay attention to the disease. Therefore, we must be caring for patients, often talk to patients, so that patients can adhere to the correct treatment and diet, build confidence, mobilize their enthusiasm, medical. The Education Network collects and organizes the courage to fight against disease. At the same time, we must not neglect the work of family members, ask family members to understand patients, help patients from all aspects, make patients feel the warmth of the family, and build confidence in the fight against disease.
2. Diet care
Correctly formulate the proportion of the three major nutrients sugar, protein and fat in the total calories to ensure the total calorie and various nutrients. The meal should be regularly and quantitatively. The calorie distribution of the three meals is roughly 1/5, 2/5. 2/5.
3. Skin care
Pay attention to the skin color, temperature and humidity of the affected limb and whether there are skin lesions, edema, pain, and abnormal feeling. Use warm water to soak your feet every night, not to be hot, because of diabetic neuropathy leading to decreased peripheral nerve function, pain, temperature loss, medical. It is especially important to keep the temperature of the foot washing water suitable for the collection of the education network. Do not use harsh soaps or detergents. Do not smear for more than 10 minutes each time and avoid rubbing the skin.
4. Limb care
Raise the affected limb by 30° to 40° to facilitate venous return and prevent edema of the lower extremities. Pay attention to the protection of the heel and the inner and outer heel. Use a bracket or sponge pad to avoid pressure sores. Passive exercise daily to avoid muscle atrophy of the lower limbs. And the lower limbs foot alcohol massage to promote blood circulation in the lower limbs. It is forbidden to administer the lower extremity intravenously. Do not cross the legs for a long time or walk long distances. Disable electric blankets, hot blankets, physiotherapy, stove roasting feet to avoid burns
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